limitcool
92a85eef20
- Added package.json to manage development scripts. - Updated restart-services.ps1 to call the new dev script for starting services. - Refactored start-admin.ps1, start-backend.ps1, start-frontend.ps1, and start-mcp.ps1 to utilize the dev script for starting respective services. - Enhanced stop-services.ps1 to improve process termination logic by matching command patterns.
96 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
96 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Rust使用Serde进行序列化及反序列化"
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description: 这篇文章将介绍如何在Rust编程语言中使用Serde库进行序列化和反序列化操作。Serde是一个广泛使用的序列化和反序列化库，能够支持JSON、BSON、CBOR、MessagePack和YAML等常见数据格式。
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date: 2022-07-25T14:02:22+08:00
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draft: false
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slug: rust-serde
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image:
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categories:
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- Rust
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tags:
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- Rust
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- Xml
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---
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# 开始之前
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```toml
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# 在Cargo.toml 新增以下依赖
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[dependencies]
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serde = { version = "1.0.140",features = ["derive"] }
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serde_json = "1.0.82"
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serde_yaml = "0.8"
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serde_urlencoded = "0.7.1"
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# 使用yaserde解析xml
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yaserde = "0.8.0"
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yaserde_derive = "0.8.0"
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```
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## `Serde`通用规则(`json`,`yaml`,`xml`)
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### 1.使用`Serde`宏通过具体结构实现序列化及反序列化
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```rust
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use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
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// 为结构体实现 Serialize(序列化)属性和Deserialize(反序列化)
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#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
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pub struct Person {
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// 将该字段名称修改为lastname
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#[serde(rename = "lastname")]
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name: String,
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// 反序列化及序列化时忽略该字段(nickname)
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#[serde(skip)]
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nickname: String,
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// 分别设置序列化及反序列化时输出的字段名称
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#[serde(rename(serialize = "serialize_id", deserialize = "derialize_id"))
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id: i32,
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// 为age设置默认值
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#[serde(default)]
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age: i32,
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}
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```
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### 2.使用`serde_json`序列化及反序列化
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```rust
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use serde_json::{json, Value};
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let v:serde_json::Value = json!(
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{
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"x":20.0,
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"y":15.0
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}
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);
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println!("x:{:#?},y:{:#?}",v["x"],v["y"]); // x:20.0, y:15.0
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```
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### 3.使用`Serde`宏统一格式化输入、输出字段名称
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| 方法名 | 方法效果 |
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| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `PascalCase` | 首字母为大写的驼峰式命名,推荐结构体、枚举等名称以及`Yaml`配置文件读取使用。 |
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| `camelCase` | 首字母为小写的驼峰式命名,推荐`Yaml`配置文件读取使用。 |
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| `snake_case` | 小蛇形命名,用下划线"`_`"连接单词,推荐函数命名以及变量名称使用此种方式。 |
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| `SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE` | 大蛇形命名,单词均为大写形式,用下划线"`_`"连接单词。推荐常数及全局变量使用此种方式。 |
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| `kebab-case`(小串烤肉) | 同`snake_case`,使用中横线"`-`"替换了下划线"`_`"。 |
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| `SCREAMING-KEBAB-CAS`(大串烤肉) | 同`SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE`,使用中横线"`-`"替换了下划线"`_`"。 |
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示例:
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```rust
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pub struct App {
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#[serde(rename_all = "PascalCase")]
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/// 统一格式化输入、输出字段名称
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/// #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
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/// #[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
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/// #[serde(rename_all = "SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE")]
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/// 仅设置
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version: String,
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app_name: String,
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host: String,
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}
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```
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[本文参考:yaserde](https://github.com/media-io/yaserde)
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[本文参考:magiclen](https://magiclen.org/rust-serde/) |